X-Authentication-Warning: delorie.com: mail set sender to djgpp-bounces using -f From: Thomas8675309 AT yahoo DOT com (Tom) Newsgroups: comp.os.msdos.djgpp Subject: Re: strange headers Date: 3 Nov 2003 10:59:16 -0800 Organization: http://groups.google.com Lines: 35 Message-ID: <7b68d58f.0311031059.26ba253b@posting.google.com> References: <3fa2c912_4 AT corp DOT newsgroups DOT com> NNTP-Posting-Host: 63.72.148.162 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Trace: posting.google.com 1067885957 1917 127.0.0.1 (3 Nov 2003 18:59:17 GMT) X-Complaints-To: groups-abuse AT google DOT com NNTP-Posting-Date: Mon, 3 Nov 2003 18:59:17 +0000 (UTC) To: djgpp AT delorie DOT com DJ-Gateway: from newsgroup comp.os.msdos.djgpp Reply-To: djgpp AT delorie DOT com "Bill Cunningham" wrote: > I have DJGPP installed with C and C++ support. in the lang directory and in > that tree are some non-standard headers, in the bits folder I think. What > are they for? Please ask your question again, except this time please be MUCH more specific. Exactly which headers are you referring to and which subdirectory (including the complete path) are you referring to? In addition, what version of gcc do you have installed? For example, for gcc 3.3, djgpp\lang\cxx\3.3\bits contains the _implementation_ of the C++ standard library. In other words, the files in this subdirectory are indirectly included by the standard C++ headers, but are not directly included by the user. Which is another way of saying that you don't need to worry about those headers ordinarily. Also for gcc 3.3, djgpp\lang\cxx\3.3\ext includes a bunch of non-standard headers. When SGI developed the STL, they included a number of features that didn't make it into the C++ standard library when the C++ standard was adopted in 1998. These additional features included, for example, single-linked lists, hash table containers, and "ropes" (really long strings). Even though they didn't make it into the C++ standard, gcc's implementation of the STL, which is based upon SGI's implementation of the STL, includes them, but puts them in the __gnu_cxx namespace instead of the std namespace to indicate they are not standard. You can find additional information on the gcc.gnu.org website. Which headers are you inquiring about specifically? Best regards, Tom