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From: CBFalconer <cbfalconer AT yahoo DOT com>
Organization: Ched Research
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Newsgroups: comp.os.msdos.djgpp
Subject: Re: New DJGPP hogs memory (was: I need help)
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Date: Fri, 12 Apr 2002 18:42:09 GMT
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To: djgpp AT delorie DOT com
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CBFalconer wrote:
> 
... snip ...
> 
> I just took this thing to experiment with, and get the following
> anomaly:
> 
> .................
> [1] c:\c\malloc>gcc -o evilalgo.o evilalgo.c
> 
> [1] c:\c\malloc>gcc -o evilalgo.exe evilalgo.o
> evilalgo.o(.text+0x1f8):crt0.s: multiple definition of `__exit'
> c:/djgpp/lib/crt0.o(.text+0x1f0):crt0.s: first defined here
> evilalgo.o(.text+0x2da):crt0.s: multiple definition of `__sbrk'
> c:/djgpp/lib/crt0.o(.text+0x2d2):crt0.s: first defined here
> evilalgo.o(.text+0x4c4):crt0.s: multiple definition of `_crt0_init_mcount'
> c:/djgpp/lib/crt0.o(.text+0x4bc):crt0.s: first defined here
> evilalgo.o(.text+0x2f8):crt0.s: multiple definition of `__brk'
> c:/djgpp/lib/crt0.o(.text+0x2f0):crt0.s: first defined here
> evilalgo.o(.text+0x8):crt0.s: multiple definition of `start'
> c:/djgpp/lib/crt0.o(.text+0x0):crt0.s: first defined here
> collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
> ...................
> 
> while "gcc evilalgo.c" works fine, generating file a.  (NOTE: gcc
> works through an alias here, imposing -W -Wall -ansi -pedantic
> -gstabs+)
> 
> While I look for a reason, does anybody know of any?  My malloc.o
> is in the directory, but has not been linked (yet).

... snip ...

So far, I have found that evilalgo.o seems to contain all the
startup code, which includes sbrk etc.  I didn't find this on
other linkings, IIRC.

-- 
Chuck F (cbfalconer AT yahoo DOT com) (cbfalconer AT worldnet DOT att DOT net)
   Available for consulting/temporary embedded and systems.
   <http://cbfalconer.home.att.net>  USE worldnet address!