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Subject: Re: Tee and file redirections are very slow to write anything.
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From: Hamish McIntyre-Bhatty via Cygwin <cygwin AT cygwin DOT com>
Reply-To: Hamish McIntyre-Bhatty <hamishmb AT live DOT co DOT uk>
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From: Hamish McIntyre-Bhatty <hamishmb AT live DOT co DOT uk>
To: cygwin AT cygwin DOT com
Message-ID: <a081f462-c424-33e0-9bf1-e56775008fca AT live DOT co DOT uk>
Subject: Re: Tee and file redirections are very slow to write anything.
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On 25/02/2021 07:50, Brian Inglis wrote:
> On 2021-02-24 16:50, Brian Inglis wrote:
>> On 2021-02-24 15:41, Duncan Roe wrote:
>>> On Wed, Feb 24, 2021 at 04:58:24PM -0500, Eliot Moss wrote:
>>>> On 2/24/2021 3:48 PM, ASSI wrote:
>>>>> Hamish McIntyre-Bhatty via Cygwin writes:
>>>>>> I found recently when trying to save output from a script for late=
r
>>>>>> inspection that "tee" and file redirections seem to have massive
>>>>>> delays when run in Cygwin - usually nothing is written to file or
>>>>>> stdout until after the command has finished - not very helpful.
>>>>>
>>>>> You will want to switch from fully buffered to line-buffered or eve=
n
>>>>> unbuffered output.
>>
>>>> And this does not have to do with Cygwin.=C2=A0 The same happens on =
Linux.
>>>> The default is that terminal I/O is unbuffered while other stream ar=
e
>>>> buffered.=C2=A0 Pipes come under "other streams".=C2=A0 One can make=
=20
>>>> programmatic
>>>> changes to get around this, but most programs won't override the
>>>> default behavior on their own ...
>>
>>> The (Linux) default is that terminal I/O is *line* buffered
>>>
>>> The man page for tee doesn't show an option to change buffering,=20
>>> while that for
>>> grep does.
>>
>> I believe the default for both Cygwin and Linux is 64KB pipe buffer,=20
>> so if you want to see smaller chunks as they are generated, you need=20
>> to add some utility that may allow you to change that e.g.
>>
>> =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0$ tail -f access.log | stdbuf -oL cut -d=
 ' ' -f1 | uniq
>>
>> but read the disclaimers on the stdbuf and grep man pages, which is=20
>> why it is not done more, especially under Cygwin where Windows adds=20
>> its own performance penalties.
>> Some utilities may use read(2/3p), write(2/3p), or mmap(3) if they=20
>> can and don't care about text or lines, for more efficient access to=20
>> disk files, rather than buffered stream I/O functions.
>
> From what I have been able to find, Cygwin <stdio.h> BUFSIZ is only=20
> 1K, compared to Linux 8K, and Cygwin internal 64K, and that is used in =

> many places in coreutils like tee, which will slow everything down by=20
> a factor of at least 8 plus increased overhead.
>
> Suggest <stdio.h> BUFSIZ be bumped to at least Linux value of 8K, if=20
> not 64K.

So from the discussion above, I've not sure I fully understand why the=20
behaviour is different on Cygwin to Linux for me, especially if Linux's=20
buffer size is sometimes bigger.

Perhaps:

#1: It depends on the program being run and how it sets its buffers up?

#2: stdbuf -o L enables line buffering and should fix my problem?

I'm now thinking it may have been a Python script that was behaving this =

way - I might go and double check in case this isn't what I think it is.

Hamish


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