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X-Authentication-Warning: slinky.cs.nyu.edu: pechtcha owned process doing -bs
Date: Sat, 1 Nov 2003 15:27:05 -0500 (EST)
From: Igor Pechtchanski <pechtcha AT cs DOT nyu DOT edu>
Reply-To: cygwin AT cygwin DOT com
To: "Lee D. Rothstein" <lee AT veritech DOT com>
cc: cygwin AT cygwin DOT com
Subject: Re: Mount Confusion -- the tallest pique in the world? ;-)
In-Reply-To: <6.0.0.20.0.20031031144513.266e0280@rogue.codemeta.com>
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On Sat, 1 Nov 2003, Lee D. Rothstein wrote:

> At 2003-10-31 01:08 PM, Igor Pechtchanski wrote:
> >On Thu, 30 Oct 2003, Lee D. Rothstein wrote:
> >
> >> Either Cygwin or I be confused. (I'm betting on "I". ;-))
> >
> >Bingo.
> >
> >> I have deleted '/tmp' ('d:/Cygwin/tmp' -- using Explorer)
> >> and issued: 'umount /tmp' and 'mount 'e:\tmp /tmp' repeatedly.
> >                                                     ^^^^^^^^^^
> >Umm, why?  Once should have been enough.
> >
> >> All the other mounts to '/' appear in an 'ls' of '/',
> >> but '/tmp' ('e:/tmp'), does not.
> >
> >What other mounts to "/"?  "/" itself is a mount, but under it everything
> >should be either a real or virtual (/proc, /dev) directory.
>
> /zc -- c:/
> ...
> /zy -- y:/
>
> Why do /zc, /zd, /ze, /zf, /zg, ... ('mount c:/ /zc', ...
> 'mount g:/ /zg, ...) appear in ls output when no prior
> 'mkdir's have been carried out. What's different between
> /tmp and /<everything else>?

WAG: this may be due to the code that lists /cygdrive automatic mounts
(since your cygdrive prefix is set to "/", you get your drives listed).

> >> Prior to my doing any of the above (w/ Cygwin root at
> >> 'c:/_Programs/Cygwin'), I've had recurring instances of something
> >> (apps?, 'setup.exe?, what?) creating 'tmp' and more frequently 'var' on
> >> both my 'c:' and 'e:' drives. This problem seems to have subsided since
> >> I moved the Cygwin root directory from 'c:/_Programs/Cygwin' to
> >> D:/Cygwin'.
> >
> >I'd bet you were installing as one user and running as another.
>
> You'd lose that bet. Only one ID -- Administrator. Cygwin always
> *only* installed for/by Administrator.

Nope.  Services run as LocalSystem (aka SYSTEM). :-p

> One thing I do not understand, however, is the appearance of the
> owner/user SYSTEM on some files/directories when I do 'ls -l'.

There you go. :-D

> >> Also, after I moved Cygwin, despite changing all the references in the
> >> profile and Windows environment variables, *and* reinstalling the whole
> >> of Cygwin, "Cygwin" "insisted" on looking at the C/_Programs... : root
> >> rather than the D:/Cygwin... directory
> >>
> >> Anybody know what's causing this?
> >
> >Stale user mounts?  Your "/", "/usr/bin" and "/usr/lib" mounts appear to
> >be user mounts.  You should probably remount them as "system" (i.e.,
> >'mount -f -s -b d:/Cygwin /', 'mount -f -s -b d:/Cygwin/bin /usr/bin',
> >'mount -f -s -b d:/Cygwin/lib /usr/lib', and 'umount -U').
>
> This was most helpful. To have a copy of the wisdom expressed above
> for future reference, I have written the following script:
>
> #!d:/Cygwin/bin/bash
> #
> # ^Use absolute[ly brain dead (MS)] paths until mounts are corrected
> #
> # 'mountproperly' -- This script is only required if Cygwin 'setup.exe'
> #                    configuration gets screwed up WRT mounted directories,
> #                    I.e., Initialize all mounts to their desired parameters
> #
> # 2003-10-31 -- as per Cygwin List/Igor Pechtchanski <pechtcha AT cs DOT nyu DOT edu>
> #
>
> do1 () { # Make sure each drive/directory is mounted with the correct
>          # parameters:
>   d:/Cygwin/bin/umount            $2  # 1st, unmount everything
>   d:/Cygwin/bin/mkdir             $2  # 2nd, make a directory representation
>        # in the virtual root directory so that certain directories can show
>        #  up at all as virtual directories (e.g., '/tmp')
>   d:/Cygwin/bin/mount -f -s -b $1 $2  #  -f, force mount, don't warn about
>        #     missing mount point directories
>        # -s, (default) add system-wide mount point; Lee: necessary? Default!
>        # -b, (default) text files are equivalent to binary files
>        #     (newline = \n) Lee: necessary? It is the default.
> }
>
> d:/Cygwin/bin/umount -U # Unmount all user mounts. We want all mounts as
>                         # system mounts, because ?
> do1 d:/Cygwin /
> d:/Cygwin/bin/mount -s -b -c /  # -c -- change the cygdrive path prefix
>      # to / . This doesn't work? 'ls /c', nor 'ls //c', for example, does
>      # not list the c: drive! What am I not getting?
> do1 d:/Cygwin/bin /usr/bin # any others, missing, here?
> do1 d:/Cygwin/lib /usr/lib
>
> mkdir /proc # Allows 'ls' & 'cd's to this virtual directory/information
> mkdir /dev
>
> for drive in c d e f g h x y a s # Drive mount points don't need actual
>                                  # directories to show up in 'ls' output
>                                  # for some reason. Why are these
>                                  # different from '/tmp'?
>   do
>   umount ${drive}:/
>   mount -f -s -b ${drive}:/ /z${drive}
>   done
>
> mount # See the corrected mounts
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >Also, your system cygdrive prefix is marked "textmode"; you should change
> >it to "binmode" to avoid spurious errors (by 'mount -s -b -c /').  It's
> >not very safe to have it set to '/' anyway...
>
> Please note that in the above script ('mountproperly'), I have tried
> to include the advice of the above sentence, but it occurs to me that
> I'm having trouble with the referents in the sentence.
>
> As far as I know, my only cygdrive prefix is 'cygdrive'. Are you
> saying it's also '/'? Note that in the script I am doing a
> 'mount -s -b -c /'. That's what you are advocating?

That's what I'm advising against.  The -c flag to mount changes the
cygdrive prefix (which could be different for the current user and for the
system, like all mounts).  I'd suggest 'mount -s -b -c /cygdrive' and
'mount -u -b -c /cygdrive', just to keep them consistent.

> Should this be written up for the FAQ?
>
> >Oh, and another small thing:
> >
> >cls = `() {  cmd /c cls
> >}'
> >
> >Why not install the "clear" package and 'function cls() { clear }'? ;-)
> >        Igor
>
> Artifact of a past limitation of 'clear'. It used to only clear the
> screen and not the screen buffer, as well. Now, it clears both.
> ('cls', of course, never worked with 'rxvt'.)

You can switch on the terminal type, and output some ANSI sequence to
clear the rxvt buffer, BTW.  Don't know off-hand exactly which one.
	Igor
-- 
				http://cs.nyu.edu/~pechtcha/
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     |,4-  ) )-,_. ,\ (  `'-'		Igor Pechtchanski, Ph.D.
    '---''(_/--'  `-'\_) fL	a.k.a JaguaR-R-R-r-r-r-.-.-.  Meow!

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to the bathroom is a major career booster."  -- Patrick Naughton

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