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Date: Fri, 30 Nov 2001 15:54:41 EST
From: KMcconlogu AT aol DOT com
Subject: OUTPUT_FORMAT w/ "binary" or "ihex"
To: <cygwin AT cygwin DOT com>
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Message-ID: <91.14507982.29394c12@aol.com>

The following is the behavior observed using the included test inputs (x.c & x.script below).  Given the data below, is the Cygwin port of ld expected to support "binary" and/or "ihex" ld OUTPUT_FORMATS().  As an aside, a native Red Hat Linux host was used to test the same inputs, the results were as one would expect, i.e. a raw binary format in x.out and an Intel HEX Format in x.out respectively.  Furthermore, searches in FAQs did not yield such an observation nor did searching the documentation set an expectation of not being supported.  Of course, I could have overlooked something,

Please advise.

thank you


When OUTPUT_FORMAT("binary") is uncommented ld does this:

<133> !ld
ld -T x.script x.o -o x.out
      0 [main] ld 1372 handle_exceptions: Exception: STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION
   3520 [main] ld 1372 stackdump: Dumping stack trace to ld.exe.stackdump
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

When OUTPUT_FORMAT("ihex") is uncommented ld does this:
<135> !ld
ld -T x.script x.o -o x.out
ld: PE operations on non PE file.

objdump -i produces this:

<136> objdump -i
BFD header file version 2.10.91
pe-i386
 (header little endian, data little endian)
  i386
pei-i386
 (header little endian, data little endian)
  i386
elf32-i386
 (header little endian, data little endian)
  i386
elf32-little
 (header little endian, data little endian)
  i386
elf32-big
 (header big endian, data big endian)
  i386
srec
 (header endianness unknown, data endianness unknown)
  i386
symbolsrec
 (header endianness unknown, data endianness unknown)
  i386
tekhex
 (header endianness unknown, data endianness unknown)
  i386
binary
 (header endianness unknown, data endianness unknown)
  i386
ihex
 (header endianness unknown, data endianness unknown)
  i386

               pe-i386 pei-i386 elf32-i386 elf32-little elf32-big srec
          i386 pe-i386 pei-i386 elf32-i386 elf32-little elf32-big srec

               symbolsrec tekhex binary ihex
          i386 symbolsrec tekhex binary ihex


x.c:
x(void) {
        char c;

        c += 1;
}
x.script:
/*
#OUTPUT_FORMAT("binary")
#OUTPUT_FORMAT("ihex")
*/


ENTRY (__reset);

MEMORY
        {
                rom (rx) : ORIGIN = 0, LENGTH = 256k
                ram (!rx) : ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 4M
        }

SECTIONS {
                .text  0x00000400 : {
                                        _btext = .; *(.text); _etext = .;
                }

                .data1    ADDR(.text) + SIZEOF(.text) :
                           {
                                _bdata1 = .; *(.data1); _edata1 = .;
                           }
                .data     ADDR(.data1) + SIZEOF(.data1) :
                           {
                                _bdata = .; *(.data); _edata = .;
                           }

                .bss      ADDR(.data) + SIZEOF(.data) :
                           {
                                *(.bss); _edata = .;
                           }
                .startup  ADDR(.data) + SIZEOF(.data)  :
                           {
                                *(.startup)
                           }
                .reset 0xffffff00 :
                           {
                                *(.reset)
                           }
                .ivt 0x00000000 :
                           {
                                _bivt = .; *(.ivt)
                           }

}


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