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From: "Patrick Doyle" <wpd AT delcomsys DOT com>
To: "Latyr Jean-Luc FAYE" <webmaster AT faye DOT cjb DOT net>,
        "Cygwin" <cygwin AT cygwin DOT com>
Subject: RE: Compiling with Borland C but not with Cygwin !!!
Date: Thu, 5 Apr 2001 13:21:13 -0400
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Don't place -lm at the beginning of the command line.  Place it at the end.

--wpd


> -----Original Message-----
> From: cygwin-owner AT sources DOT redhat DOT com
> [mailto:cygwin-owner AT sources DOT redhat DOT com]On Behalf Of Latyr Jean-Luc FAYE
> Sent: Thursday, April 05, 2001 12:53 PM
> To: Cygwin
> Subject: Compiling with Borland C but not with Cygwin !!!
>
>
> Hi
>
> That's me again. I just try to compile the file with Borland C++ and it's
> working !!!
> Any clue why it's not working with Cygwin
> Other program are well compile by both compiler.
> ????
>
> I am trying to compile a C program under Cygwin with gcc but I got errors.
> My configuration is :
> Laptop Compaq serie 1200 Model 12XL222
> 56Mo RAM (64-8 for Video)
> HD 6Go split in 2 partitions 4Go and 2Go
> OS : Windows 98 SE
> My file is in the 2Go partition and Cygwin as well
>
> Can somebody tell me what's wrong.
>
> Regards
> Jean-Luc
>
>
> Here is the error
> latyr AT LATYR /cygdrive/d/allprogs
> $ gcc -lm -otest.exe image1.c
> /cygdrive/c/WINDOWS/TEMP/ccobIwme.o(.text+0x4bc):image1.c: multiple
> definition of `main'
> /usr/lib/libm.a(libcmain.o)(.text+0x0):libcmain.c: first defined here
> /usr/lib/libm.a(libcmain.o)(.text+0x6a):libcmain.c: undefined reference to
> `WinMain AT 16'
> collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
>
> latyr AT LATYR /cygdrive/d/allprogs
> $
>
> Here is my code
> #include <stdio.h>
> #include <math.h>
>
>
> #define N 8
> #define M 8
> #define pi 3.141592654
> #define coeff 0.707106781
>
>
> static double block1[M][N]={
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255}};
>
> static double block2[M][N]={
>  {  0, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255}};
>
> static double block3[M][N]={
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0},
>  {255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255},
>  {  0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0}};
>
> /********************************************************
>  *   void dct(double forward[M][N], double DCT[M][N]) *
>  * Forward Discrete Cosine Transform of MxN array *
>  * Parameters :      *
>  *  forward - MxN array of data to transform *
>  * DCT - MxN array of transformed data  *
>  ********************************************************/
> void dct(double forward[M][N], double DCT[M][N])
> {
>  int u, v; /* Frequency domain variables */
>  int x, y; /* Spatial domain variables */
>  double accum; /* Accumulator */
>  double twoN; /* 2 times N */
>  double twoM; /* 2 times M */
>  double scale; /* 2/square_root(MN) */
>
>  twoN=2.0*N;
>  twoM=2.0*M;
>  scale=(2.0/(sqrt((double)(M*N))));
>
>  for(u=0; u<M; u++)
>   for(v=0; v<N; v++)
>    {
>    accum=0.0;
>    for(x=0; x<M; x++)
>     for(y=0; y<N; y++)
>      accum+=(cos((pi*u*(2*x+1))/twoM)*
> cos((pi*v*(2*y+1))/twoN)*forward[x][y]);
>    accum*=scale;
>    if(u==0)
>     accum*=coeff;
>    if(v==0)
>     accum*=coeff;
>
>    DCT[u][v]=accum;
>    }
> }
>
> /********************************************************
>  * void inv_dct(double DCT[M][N], double inverse[M][N]) *
>  * Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform of MxN array *
>  * Parameters :      *
>  *  DCT - MxN array of data for inverse transform *
>  * inverse - MxN array of inversed transformed data*
>  ********************************************************/
> void inv_dct(double DCT[M][N], double inverse[M][N])
> {
>  int u, v; /* Frequency domain variables */
>  int x, y; /* Spatial domain variables */
>  double accum; /* Accumulator */
>  double twoN; /* 2 times N */
>  double twoM; /* 2 times M */
>  double scale; /* 2/square_root(MN) */
>  double Cu, Cv; /* C(u) and C(v) */
>
>  twoN=2.0*N;
>  twoM=2.0*M;
>  scale=(2.0/(sqrt((double)(M*N))));
>
>  for(x=0; x<M; x++)
>   for(y=0; y<N; y++)
>   {
>   accum=0.0;
>   for(u=0; u<M; u++)
>    for(v=0; v<N; v++)
>      {
>      if(u==0)
>       Cu=coeff;
>      else
>       Cu=1.0;
>      if(v==0)
>       Cv=coeff;
>      else
>       Cv=1.0;
>
>      accum+=(Cu*Cv*cos((pi*u*(2*x+1))/twoM)*
> cos((pi*v*(2*y+1))/twoN)*DCT[u][v]);
>      }
>    inverse[x][y]=accum*scale;
>   }
> }
>
>
>
>
>
>
> /*****************************************************************
> **********
> *                   MAIN Function        *
> ******************************************************************
> **********
> /
> int main()
> {
>
> double dct_result[M][N], inv_dct_result[M][N];
> int i, j;
>
> /*** Set a 2-step loop to init the result matrix ***/
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   dct_result[i][j]=inv_dct_result[i][j]=0.0;
>
> printf("\n\t******************************");
> printf("\n\t*****  Block 1  **********");
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  {
>  printf("\n");
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   printf("\t%df",block1[i][j]);
>  }
> printf("\n");
>
> printf("\n\t*****  FORWARD DCT  **********");
> dct(block1, dct_result);
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  {
>  printf("\n");
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   printf("\t%df",dct_result[i][j]);
>  }
> printf("\n");
> printf("\n\t*****  INVERSE DCT  **********");
> inv_dct(dct_result, inv_dct_result);
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  {
>  printf("\n");
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   printf("\t%df",inv_dct_result[i][j]);
>  }
> printf("\n");
> printf("\n\t******************************");
>
>
> /*** Set a 2-step loop to init the result matrix ***/
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   dct_result[i][j]=inv_dct_result[i][j]=0.0;
>
> printf("\n\t******************************");
> printf("\n\t*****  Block 2  **********");
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  {
>  printf("\n");
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   printf("\t%df",block2[i][j]);
>  }
> printf("\n");
> printf("\n\t*****  FORWARD DCT  **********");
> dct(block2, dct_result);
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  {
>  printf("\n");
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   printf("\t%df",dct_result[i][j]);
>  }
> printf("\n");
> printf("\n\t*****  INVERSE DCT  **********");
> inv_dct(dct_result, inv_dct_result);
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  {
>  printf("\n");
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   printf("\t%df",inv_dct_result[i][j]);
>  }
> printf("\n");
> printf("\n\t******************************");
>
> /*** Set a 2-step loop to init the result matrix ***/
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   dct_result[i][j]=inv_dct_result[i][j]=0.0;
>
> printf("\n\t******************************");
> printf("\n\t*****  Block 3  **********");
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  {
>  printf("\n");
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   printf("\t%df",block3[i][j]);
>  }
> printf("\n");
> printf("\n\t*****  FORWARD DCT  **********");
> dct(block3, dct_result);
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  {
>  printf("\n");
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   printf("\t%df",dct_result[i][j]);
>  }
> printf("\n");
> printf("\n\t*****  INVERSE DCT  **********");
> inv_dct(dct_result, inv_dct_result);
> for(i=0;i<M;i++)
>  {
>  printf("\n");
>  for(j=0;j<N;j++)
>   printf("\t%df",inv_dct_result[i][j]);
>  }
> printf("\n");
> printf("\n\t******************************");
>
> return 0;
> }
>
>
> ---
> Latyr Jean-Luc FAYE
> http://faye.cjb.net
>
>
>
>
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