X-Recipient:	archive-cygwin AT delorie DOT com
DKIM-Filter:	OpenDKIM Filter v2.11.0 sourceware.org EBDE6385417F
DKIM-Signature:	v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=cygwin.com;
	s=default; t=1690005402;
	bh=SVJJ2cJBUicXX3Z9qhK8EA/MW7IR0m1O4t3S61KjHgg=;
	h=Date:To:References:Cc:Subject:In-Reply-To:List-Id:
	List-Unsubscribe:List-Archive:List-Post:List-Help:List-Subscribe:
	From:Reply-To:From;
	b=fKA6QLDH8YJ73e1GUEwY4tmuUCMajGAn3tyE17pNFo8O6TzwcWl6Qph864DU/yEmh
	xJrAWOo7yReQZ3XYSSO7f9Kf3Q0F2NM+Wvi0ALz4Xd8S7m72BuuH5aYss52/YoWbaN
	XJj9VFtnHKflIgkXfPH4zZdNdeLY+Ou2ETxhNors=
X-Original-To:	cygwin AT cygwin DOT com
Delivered-To:	cygwin AT cygwin DOT com
DMARC-Filter:	OpenDMARC Filter v1.4.2 sourceware.org DFBAC3858C5F
X-SONIC-DKIM-SIGN:	v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=yahoo.com; s=s2048;
	t=1690005359; bh=B6GBeqlrz2ez7c1QWLgreY0mecybCkqpvK6qkL/wZPX=;
	h=X-Sonic-MF:Date:To:From:Subject:From:Subject;
	b=lX526WWJDlyNFeN1Zl/v6HeS6RZj1fF5hmqXe9NJS4uhaCzaSxcSjbfPwkmYcE2oTvd6Y4kmJxiMYW+95Rz1AsMjn7cS/HO9tptnzs1qulFl1Cl1NWdyQGj7j3eNZzJ5hoBk7tKuCqxDeSdsh0ltJuhnKk9k26U+xo+Cm+eHrQ/oiERaOjXTT/fKNmIfcc3S7RRcoe/BDvIuNP5oogfxGcpZPnV48wf65C96iuwsqkXrpHYr80X7WBHlU2xFt6biGFC4pT4FR7onLbnjJv3KcTCu6nXWwHjiBYmndWafFVrFBwaQi2aheQ/buN9QsfQ80hbrmLiFk8JBNRSP3au+hQ==
X-YMail-OSG:	JRhCZxYVM1mJWdhpLPHmjevPmsi5gie7bL2ul_y00QuGrTVaZQUaX.ggxBFgrG1
	F7ynU3JwBoqhUQR41cDiEwiGBG1DSKOBagnatDwTE0GAsQV9vHQJLBkU0r6oEPLpVXEGfKDx0t4c
	yqSETI.oo8bNLYxWqwWA0T_C0dpdTbpBHi2jJP5.LO6_CcEU8oS8sM23BWqSzPuD_D8xvVYsHH3o
	qhmtkag0GieSWKOJMLLwgn0JQh8vnJXpC8H.vZHOQBz62Tkjvo0vqVQymfgnYEOW.1JnTczrVUut
	hog0SM2QncPfJYhea1BF4uYP2IEbUlbAqPSReTnjwAGEhTUVm43WTt6gBrkvL1O..g.zeaYp_7x7
	JUJOLGKYr4HWm8vY3dbV.W1E5pmVZvWe18wU7nU.a83YB9lrikfESr_1ikmCS30B7lZMHGKUEFrw
	0dXmLnpx693uRXs3uY9.uHcQWKcm8C0AwolF5pdeY8z5PnSTK7xMcu3zwUhjglzGVSSzrhvD54iT
	xTyWghXZdO6rKqfjG2Fi2ETxWcU7UTN6lyiKB4G.zwZHEEys1weBFfzCzjuZZJsqOC9yDQf2EUw2
	U8LEII5jEcjl1OwwHijYO02IpWFwPfMzpSISH8XSZq.ysKJONCreF.hSkdyhojyl5HNgKQDn7cLp
	eVhtB2MsGPfTLScoyY9nmsRsF0gdJI5VIA7ee9Ls16_gJI5YLKma9sqh8Z9Ny2j16cgcBucYtpS4
	z6Nz6FTBQDNHh7zjty2AfO0zs0lNH1nlLoKS8h0GWqQ3dOEJ_09CemmN6oa6mTPoMcVHb8rPbd5w
	yPnGym7T8T7KTXi4yWVxUtveWtUDxBO.m20CAdkBUk9vThs7p7pNh9.NTD49Uf7UszIk.bink_oH
	0MRPhpziKQ_JNAfYdF4KIpnH1Fq.sKwe18h.ok2yNLm2cFbHc6FsP8MBMt1_YOtpJynEr2TfoEqN
	_IgWjZ3PH7bLK9tU9imkGEjXwiDFfqmS8SIh.sU.uCJyRK3p.Em9vgsoeqVSNcfrUSV49mL7VcAO
	Y3AyDpKFu4rmTINZCBxPPSwVuXcyKUsBffmuf.PRohPvLrAs__8.OrAWaqB0N.AhkuyBzhrQYq13
	TBMgkZcOYYpWLEOKHXgEKY35kV99Ujbw3YUoriM8uy9kpWq_vMJACH12TRGsp3R3o5Nj72O13tC5
	9.7sUafZwsYXrneenvqbu8rV4ojKvfflr6I2Z5HljTRtTz1.ahBUtQcxohPX8wIVxep6irT5jlIY
	MYGRCTWU3C8tp3uiiAmcuNoPiy2k5vKPBTyhmfJ7NB68XnrKaOLhyNH5IBjzuPiP0S18wD93RiyH
	8rqKnJ.tMrI5dP0gh7t5be06QGrFDOLdBT5pA.EwRj.qskhULbG9nUWUUMtLeFNKiRtZbYb8UCmJ
	cQ__sLN8ekzfrpvmScyFYREYwYY8bkpagzWshizXW3mQldSXpywcNjGMNYlU5bpzPpEMilAlfSkr
	1LTjWfgOpEi36v8wiCOErmKeTbCZXS8Aq8iSzBhR4aFV_O04RBQuNB7pAa_jWGOLfL.dYZ33bsbE
	KVzup0_oGm0fREbecRl7QL02M7Y2orJU6uPxlGXPC8AQxwpEvoM1puQHdycrKqsviCM623ASg1Uo
	zA8Dqd9xiAVWVThNnlzy_eioGq4FD8KG.WOWqvNsbXVyiOW8VSVLC9kdfrPdH5b1ZuobWmOvBvcS
	P7eOuoGVkQvvUzsyWf8P.L.aQxdYkcnU8lyTjBYSVxopj3dGyKFvsdnIFfELCnGO37Oh1Y8wBHJh
	pIXZJLwTOgA4oKe0Epy2wERpaLSDbdJYHA0y_pZpLYEDm8TN8iFBo0pL53ECwhmdQKftD6AL4xJz
	jsimBgfJIrIy4UTF.4bvZXaL3qwaLVovIxltCCRGoSrx5aXZUfJuuLXiWOeQRZgtykLXXygMFgdu
	iGYbSvtHAeNPLrmJMBLpYVclBmQTqx8nX5h0ultn15DGMBJ3w0ASjGLhWX.CMenoxBBJFeeJpNRo
	u3ncKC38ehqLPEcZSbUz6suDfMRzLJI69Xdrd53PljFI_txU6aI4NndcAcRHQIPEjwhYkl.eQzcr
	RtB_87hahTyZQno3t9hQfPsc9NAu0.EsVDEE3FrYiqjOUb8Pg7DEcEWv68MhQ93Pkpgt_Uiowfi1
	lruqFfwXtQGkbFPvZA3ATUqhoXk8wpbfBsLC_7uFqDL_8HjeFZW6bgAErfSdvCIHeVhKVrg--
X-Sonic-MF:	<cygwin AT verizon DOT net>
X-Sonic-ID:	068a5673-3557-46e2-874d-0e014dcbdf93
Message-ID:	<f9d0f896-37bb-c88d-cfdd-c619320f87b1@verizon.net>
Date:	Sat, 22 Jul 2023 01:55:54 -0400
MIME-Version:	1.0
User-Agent:	Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:102.0) Gecko/20100101
	Thunderbird/102.10.0
To:	cygwin AT cygwin DOT com
References:	<a243a980-66ba-e01e-298a-60a221efd7b4 AT jhmg DOT net>
	<ba2c0efe-7892-6eb3-9828-ca8d83643939 AT Shaw DOT ca>
	<a5e19263-d820-7737-16eb-16e6429dd586 AT jhmg DOT net>
Cc:	jhg AT acm DOT org
Subject:	Re: Most git executables are hard links to git.exe?
In-Reply-To:	<a5e19263-d820-7737-16eb-16e6429dd586@jhmg.net>
X-Mailer:	WebService/1.1.21647
	mail.backend.jedi.jws.acl:role.jedi.acl.token.atz.jws.hermes.aol
X-Spam-Status:	No, score=0.1 required=5.0 tests=BAYES_00, DKIM_SIGNED,
	DKIM_VALID, DKIM_VALID_AU, DKIM_VALID_EF, JMQ_SPF_NEUTRAL, NICE_REPLY_A,
	RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H2, SPF_HELO_NONE, SPF_PASS, TXREP,
	T_SCC_BODY_TEXT_LINE autolearn=no autolearn_force=no version=3.4.6
X-Spam-Checker-Version:	SpamAssassin 3.4.6 (2021-04-09) on
	server2.sourceware.org
X-BeenThere:	cygwin AT cygwin DOT com
X-Mailman-Version:	2.1.29
List-Id:	General Cygwin discussions and problem reports <cygwin.cygwin.com>
List-Unsubscribe:	<https://cygwin.com/mailman/options/cygwin>,
	<mailto:cygwin-request AT cygwin DOT com?subject=unsubscribe>
List-Archive:	<https://cygwin.com/pipermail/cygwin/>
List-Post:	<mailto:cygwin AT cygwin DOT com>
List-Help:	<mailto:cygwin-request AT cygwin DOT com?subject=help>
List-Subscribe:	<https://cygwin.com/mailman/listinfo/cygwin>,
	<mailto:cygwin-request AT cygwin DOT com?subject=subscribe>
From:	Larry via Cygwin <cygwin AT cygwin DOT com>
Reply-To:	Larry <cygwin AT verizon DOT net>
Errors-To:	cygwin-bounces+archive-cygwin=delorie DOT com AT cygwin DOT com
Sender:	"Cygwin" <cygwin-bounces+archive-cygwin=delorie DOT com AT cygwin DOT com>

On 7/21/23 17:54, Jim Garrison via Cygwin wrote:
> On 07/21/23 14:52, Brian Inglis wrote:
>> On 2023-07-21 14:59, Jim Garrison via Cygwin wrote:
>>> Git comes with over 100 executables, mostly in /usr/libexec/git-core,
>>> that all appear to be *hard* links to /bin/git, in both Cygwin and
>>> Windows. The Windows fsutil command shows they're all hard linked:
> [snip]
>>> I'm curious to know if there's a specific reason for this implementation
>>> that would make it the choice over symbolic links.
>>
>> For the same reason you are complaining about backups not taking hardlinks 
>> into account: to avoid distributing 400MB instead of 3MB.
>>
>> Cygwin backup utilities should be able to deal with these e.g. rsync -H, 
>> --hard-links, although it appears xcopy and robocopy may not under Windows 
>> 10; don't know about other utilities or Windows 11.
> 
> But why not use symbolic links to accomplish the same thing?

If you're wondering what the limitations and complications of symbolic links
on Windows are, I'd recommend reading item 5.8 in the FAQ - "How do symbolic
links work?" (https://cygwin.com/faq.html#faq.api.symlinks)  Keep in
mind that this applies to symbolic links in the Cygwin world.  As long as
that's all you care about, then the various trade-offs and limitations can
certainly be mitigated in your personal environment to the extent that you
might actually prefer and choose to use Cygwin symbolic links over hard
links for your needs.  But in the general case, they really don't compare to
simplicity of hard links which are fully supported in Windows on NTFS file
systems along with all Cygwin tools and transparently degrade to duplicated
files on file systems and with software that doesn't support them.  In these
degraded use cases, they take up more space because the link semantics
aren't maintained but they are still 100% valid and useful.  The same cannot 
be said of symbolic links.


-- 
Problem reports:      https://cygwin.com/problems.html
FAQ:                  https://cygwin.com/faq/
Documentation:        https://cygwin.com/docs.html
Unsubscribe info:     https://cygwin.com/ml/#unsubscribe-simple

- Raw text -