Mail Archives: cygwin/2004/10/12/22:30:45
Hello Igor,
Igor Pechtchanski wrote:
> Carlo,
>
> See comments inline below.
Thank you so much for your comments! However, updating the relevant
directories to have +x, and updating all the relevant files to have +rx
still didn't solve the issue. I've tried to track down the problem via
the source code of inetutils-1.3.2-28 and it seems the actual error
message is produced by the following code:
File: inetutils-1.3.2-28 /ftp/main.c (line numbers preceed each line)
147 sp = getservbyname("ftp", "tcp");
148 if (sp == 0)
149 errx(1, "ftp/tcp: unknown service");
I compiled and run ftp from source. I get the same result. sp is
always 0 (NULL). Thus, there's something not correct about my system.
To test whether the relevant files under /etc are really readable, I've
made this short test code which tries to open the files hosts, networks,
protocols and services and print their corresponding handles to show
that they're readable. In addition, I've also placed a file
/cygdrive/c/testfile which has permissions 000 to make sure that it's
unreadable by anyone.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netdb.h>
/* file name: test.c */
int main()
{
FILE *handle_hosts = NULL,
*handle_networks = NULL,
*handle_protocols = NULL,
*handle_services = NULL,
*handle_testfile = NULL;
struct servent *sp = NULL;
handle_hosts = fopen
("/cygdrive/c/WINNT/system32/drivers/etc/hosts", "r");
handle_networks= fopen
("/cygdrive/c/WINNT/system32/drivers/etc/networks", "r");
handle_protocols= fopen
("/cygdrive/c/WINNT/system32/drivers/etc/protocol", "r");
handle_services= fopen
("/cygdrive/c/WINNT/system32/drivers/etc/services", "r");
handle_testfile = fopen("/cygdrive/c/testfile", "r");
printf("%s: %#x\n", "hosts handle", handle_hosts);
printf("%s: %#x\n", "networks handle", handle_networks);
printf("%s: %#x\n", "protocols handle", handle_protocols);
printf("%s: %#x\n", "servies handle", handle_services);
printf("%s: %#x\n", "/cygdrive/c/testfile", handle_testfile);
sp = getservbyname("ftp","tcp");
printf("%s: %#x\n", "servent handle", sp);
fcloseall();
return 0;
}
The following is the output:
SYSTEM /tmp/ftp/inetutils-1.3.2-28/ftp
$ gcc test.c
SYSTEM /tmp/ftp/inetutils-1.3.2-28/ftp
$ ./a.exe
/etc/hosts handle: 0xa0501e4
/etc/networks handle: 0xa05024c
/etc/protocol handle: 0xa0502b4
/etc/servies handle: 0xa05031c
/cygdrive/c/testfile: 0
servent handle: 0
As you can see, all the relevant files have their respective handles.
Thus, they were opened successfully. On the other hand,
/cygdrive/c/testfile gets a 0 (NULL) handle (logically) since its
permissions are 000.
Here's the /cygdrive/c/testfile listing:
SYSTEM /tmp/ftp/inetutils-1.3.2-28/ftp
$ ls -l /cygdrive/c/testfile
---------- 1 Carlo None 0 Oct 13 09:19 /cygdrive/c/testfile
I hope that takes care of the files.
Now, a curious thing to note is that the servent handle sp returned 0
(NULL). It's suppose to read /etc/services. A cat of /etc/services
(I'll just use the symlinks since I want to save time not typing the
entire FQN (e.g. /cygdrive/c/winnt etc. )) give me:
$ cat /etc/services
# Copyright (c) 1993-1999 Microsoft Corp.
#
# This file contains port numbers for well-known services defined by IANA
#
# Format:
#
# <service name> <port number>/<protocol> [aliases...] [#<comment>]
#
echo 7/tcp
echo 7/udp
discard 9/tcp sink null
discard 9/udp sink null
systat 11/tcp users #Active users
systat 11/tcp users #Active users
daytime 13/tcp
daytime 13/udp
qotd 17/tcp quote #Quote of the day
qotd 17/udp quote #Quote of the day
chargen 19/tcp ttytst source #Character generator
chargen 19/udp ttytst source #Character generator
ftp-data 20/tcp #FTP, data
ftp 21/tcp #FTP. control
telnet 23/tcp
smtp 25/tcp mail #Simple Mail
Transfer Protocol
<file truncated>
FWIW, the cat of protocol gives me:
$ cat /etc/protocols
# Copyright (c) 1993-1999 Microsoft Corp.
#
# This file contains the Internet protocols as defined by RFC 1700
# (Assigned Numbers).
#
# Format:
#
# <protocol name> <assigned number> [aliases...] [#<comment>]
ip 0 IP # Internet protocol
icmp 1 ICMP # Internet control message protocol
ggp 3 GGP # Gateway-gateway protocol
tcp 6 TCP # Transmission control protocol
<file truncated>
The cat of /etc/hosts gives:
$ cat /etc/hosts
# Copyright (c) 1993-1999 Microsoft Corp.
#
# This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows.
#
# This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each
# entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should
# be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name.
# The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one
# space.
#
# Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual
# lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' symbol.
#
# For example:
#
# 102.54.94.97 rhino.acme.com # source server
# 38.25.63.10 x.acme.com # x client host
127.0.0.1 localhost
<end of file>
The cat of networks gives:
$ cat /etc/networks
# Copyright (c) 1993-1999 Microsoft Corp.
#
# This file contains network name/network number mappings for
# local networks. Network numbers are recognized in dotted decimal form.
#
# Format:
#
# <network name> <network number> [aliases...] [#<comment>]
#
# For example:
#
# loopback 127
# campus 284.122.107
# london 284.122.108
loopback 127
<end of file>
Thus, the files services, hosts, protocols, and networks, are all
readable even via the symlinks so it means that the actual files under
C:\WINT\ etc, are really readable.
It seems that the problem is not with the file and directory permissions.
>> SYSTEM /cygdrive/c/winnt/system32
>> $ ls -ld drivers
>> drwxrwxr--+ 4 Administ SYSTEM 28672 Sep 20 15:34 drivers
>
> ^^^
Permissions fixed now.
>> SYSTEM /cygdrive/c/winnt/system32
>> $ cd drivers
>>
>> SYSTEM /cygdrive/c/winnt/system32/drivers
>> $ ls -ld etc
>> drwxrwxr--+ 2 Administ SYSTEM 4096 Jun 22 00:09 etc
>
> ^^^
>
> They have to be executable, not readable. The readable bit controls
> listing the contents of the directory, but accessing the files requires
> the directory to be executable.
Done.
>
>> SYSTEM /cygdrive/c/winnt/system32/drivers
>> $ cd etc
>>
>> SYSTEM /cygdrive/c/winnt/system32/drivers/etc
>> $ ls -l
>> total 15
>> -rwxrwx---+ 1 Administ SYSTEM 1757 Apr 11 2004 hosts
>
> ^^^
>
>> -rwxrwx---+ 1 Administ SYSTEM 3683 Jul 14 2003 lmhosts.sam
>> -rwxrwx---+ 1 Administ SYSTEM 407 Jul 14 2003 networks
>
> ^^^
>
>> -rwxrwx---+ 1 Administ SYSTEM 799 Jul 14 2003 protocol
>
> ^^^
>
>> -rwxrwxr--+ 1 Administ SYSTEM 7116 Jul 14 2003 services
>
>
> All of the above have to be readable, too.
Done too.
>
>> However, I stll get the same error:
>>
>> SYSTEM /cygdrive/c/winnt/system32/drivers/etc
>> $ ftp
>> ftp: ftp/tcp: unknown service
>>
>> Then, I copied the services file itself and temporarily renamed the
>> symlink. After invoking ftp, it still didn't work.
>
>
> Of course it wouldn't. Cygwin uses Winsock, which looks for the files in
> the above directory, not in /etc. The /etc links are simply to make
> Cygwin look more like Linux.
Ok. Thanks for the info.
Sorry for being a bit verbose on this mail. However, I thought it
would've been better on my part if I erred giving more info than giving
less. If some of this info is superflous, please let me know.
So, are there more things which I have to look into?
Thanks!
Best Regards,
Carlo
--
Carlo Florendo
Astra Philippines Inc.
www.astra.ph
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