From:	jqb AT netcom DOT com (Jim Balter)
Subject:	Re: Why is cygwin.dll?
16 Jan 1997 22:22:44 -0800 :
Approved:	cygnus DOT gnu-win32 AT cygnus DOT com
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References:	<009AE761 DOT 42405F80 DOT 7322 AT ifk20 DOT mach DOT uni-karlsruhe DOT de>
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Original-To:	dahms AT ifk20 DOT mach DOT uni-karlsruhe DOT de
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dahms AT ifk20 DOT mach DOT uni-karlsruhe DOT de wrote:
> 
> Hi, you wrote:
> 
> : Ben Constable wrote:
> : >
> : > > Now, figure on programs like grep.exe (91,648 bytes) having to include
> : > > that library in their .EXE...grep is now 3 megs, instead of 91k.
> : >
> : > No. That is totally wrong. Go compile grep or a similar program with watcom
> : > or visual C++. You will find that they do not have to be that big. It is
> : > because when you link the program, you only link the bits you need.
> 
> : Any university offers courses that will cover the tradeoffs between
> : dynamic and static libraries; it seems some readers of this group
> : could benefit from such an education.  Given a static cygwin library
> : (but we *aren't* given one, not yet), the sum of the sizes of all the
> : executables linked with such a library would be considerably greater
> : than the current distribution.  Not nearly 3M * 120 greater, true.
> 
> What was not mentioned yet is that a DLL is only loaded once into RAM and
> shared by multiple processes. So you occupy never more than 3MB RAM
> regardless of how many processes are running at the same time.
> And even then a modern OS need only to page in that parts actually used.

Silly me; you and Barry Roberts are of course right to point out the
very significant shared memory aspect that I omitted to mention.
A staticly linked executable can of course only share among multiple
instances of itself; no pages are shared across executables
(static library routines won't even be at the same location within a
page).  I used to live and breath unix kernel paging code; too much time
out of those trenches, I guess :-)

Paging brings up an interesting issue: a well-organized shared library
can reduce memory usage and paging by localizing functions on the same
page that end to call each other.  I don't know how many people bother
to do this, or if there are automated tools (there ought to be). 

--
<J Q B>
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